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Conservation Resources 



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OF 



DANE COUNTY, "WISCONSIN : 




DANE COUNTY. 



The 53d parallel of north latitude, within a minute fraction, passes through the 
aentre of Dane county, in longitude 89°, 20', -west from Green-wich. The county i« 
hounded on tiie North by Sauk and Columbia counties ; Eastby Jefferson and Dodge ; 
South by Rock and Green ; and W«6t by Iowa. Its altatude above the Atlantic 
Ocean, at the level of the Fourth Late, is 788 feet, and above Lake Michigan, 210 
feet. It is by far the largest of the older settled counties, containing thirty five town- 
ships— 1235 square miles— or 790.400 «cres of land. 

The surface in general slopes to the east and BOiitfe— rising gradually from a level 
ott its eastern hordor, Of aboat 16S feet above Lake Michigan, until the vicinity of the 
Blue Mounds is reached, near its western limits. These Mounds are the highest points 
In the state, their sEmmits attaining an elevation of 1000 faet above the Wisconsin 
river at Hdena. The geologkal gtructare of the country is worthy of notice in this 
connection, since the quality of soil in a given district, depends almost entirely upon 
the wasK it receiives from its highlands. A section through Blue Mounds, would show 
the following result, beginning at the top and descending vertically : Hornstone 
410 feet ; Magnesian lime, or lead bearing rock, 16 9 feet; Saccharoid sandstone 40 
feet ; Alternations of sand and limestone, 188 feet ; Sandstone 3 feet ; Lower lime- 
atone, (at the level of the Wiscensia.) 190 feet. It will thus be seen that limestone 
fbnns the principal masses of solid rock ; but in addition to this, the drift formation 
Which covers the surface, is composed in considerable proportion, of limestone bowl- 
ders and pebbles . Thus all the elements exist to form a soil of the best possible de- 
scription, for agricultural purposes ; and accounts for that thorough impregnation of 
Um^ so «B8«nti<d to «ertain crops. 

PRINCIPAL. RIVERS, CRBEKS, AND UAKGS. 

From what is above stated of the physical outlines of the county, the intelligent 
reader would readily infer that numerous streams have their sources within its limits. 
The following is a brief enumeration of the more important ones — 

Blui; Mounds Creek rises in the north-west part of the county, and flowc into 
Black Earth River. 

Black Earth River has its source near th« head of Fourth Lake. It flows 
north westerly, through a lovely valley, and empties into the Wisconsin at Arena. 

The Wisconsin River, — This noble stream borders the north-west corner of the 
ocmnty, cutting off about half a township. It is the great artery of interior com- 
merce with the west, affording through the steamers plying upon it, communication 
with the whole valley of the Mississippi, With the eompl«tion of the Fox River im- 
provement, a line of steam communication will aleo be opened eastward, to the Great 
L&kefl, 

BeiLino CneEK rises in the town of FarraersTilie, and flows north Into the Wjs- 
eODSia, 

Waterloo Creek. — This stream has its source in the north east portionof the 
«Qm)Jtyi ftlid running easterly empties into the Crawfish, a branch of Rock Ri^ez. 




The Cat Fish. — This stream, connecting the Four Lakes, and forming their out- 
let, is by far the most important- forming as it doss the great basin of the county.— 
A description of its valley is reserved until wespealc of lakes. Its source is thsFourth 
Lake, and taking a southeasterly course, its waters are discharged into Rock River, 
9 few mile south of the county line. 

The Bad Fish is a branch of the Cat Fish, coming in from the west. 

Sugar River has its source in the south west part of the county, and flowing 
south, empties into Rock River. Its valley is a magnificent farming country. 

The Pkcatomca has branches rising in the south west corner of the county. 

Great numbers of small streams fiow in the lakes on all sides. The twc largest are 
Door and Tor i.iN Creeks — the former flowing into First, and the latter into Fourth 
Lake. As all these watercourses have their origin in springs, ttie readeimay well 
imagino that every section is well watered. 

L.AICGS I9J DANE COUSTY. 

The lakes :n this county are the most beaatii'ul objects that imagination can pic- 
ture, and lend a eh'tVm to the scenery such as few, if any localities can present. — 
There are n all twelve lakes in Dane county — but tho principal, and those most at- 
tractive are the Four Lakes, lying in the valley of the Cat Fish, and nearly in a. row, 
from north-west to south-east. A brief description of each, is all that space allows. — 
They Must be seen to be .appreciated. 

FiBST Lake.— This lake is the lowest of the four. Its longest diameter is three 
and one-eighth miles, by two miles in its shortest; its circumference is nine and 
a half miles, and it covers five square miles. It is situated nine miles above Dunkirk 
Falls, near the southern line of the county. 

Second Lake.— This body of water lies three and a half miles above First Lake. — 
Its length is three and a half miles, audits width about two ; and. with the First, has 
an average depth of about twelve feet. 

Third Lake is next above, at a distance of seven eights of a mile. It is about 
si.x and a half miles long, by two broad, occupying an area of six fquare miles. — 
Madison, the County Seat and Capital of the State, is located on the strip of land 
between it and the next about one mile across. 

Fi'RTH Lake.— This is the uppermost and by far the largest of the Four Lakes. It 
has a periphery of nineteen and one fourth milea, and covers an area of fifteen and 
gixty-five hundredths sfjuare miles. Its diameter is six miles by nioe. 

The water of all thesa Lakes, coming from .springs, is cold and clear to a remarka- 
ble desree. For the most p,"-rt, their shores are made of a fine gravel shingle ; and 
their bottoms, which are visible at a ?reat depth, are composed of white sand, inter- 
spersed with granite bowlders. Their banks, with few exceptions, are bold. A jaunt 
upon them affords almost every variety of sceneryr-bold escarpments and over-hang- 
ing clitTs, elevated peaks, and gently sloping shores, with graceful swales or intcrva's 
affording magnificent views of the distant prairies and openings. They abound in fish 
of a great variety of species— and water fowls innumerable sport upon the surlace,— 
Personsde.^iring to settle in sightly locations, with magnificent views of water and 
wood land scenery, may find hundreds of unoccupied places of unsurpassed beautj 
upon and near their margins. 

PR.VIKIES, OPENINGS, SOIL., «&c. 

The surface of the county, as befure intimated, is all rolling— hills and T»ll«ys 
succeeding each other— pre.sen ting much such an appearance as we might suppose the 
ocean would present, if, after being lashed by a tempest, its waters were insrantly 
congealod,and the surface clothed with verdure. Hilis are seldom so abrupt that 
they may uot be cultivated even np in their summits; valleys, though well watered, 
are very rarely marshy. There is not a county in the state con taining so large a bt dy 



STATISTICS OF DANE COUNTY 



of gond lands, as Dane. It is doubtful whether there is a single section, not covered 
by water, which would cot be capable of profitable cultivation. The soil is composed 
for the most part, of the black deposit of decayed vegetation, which fir countle.'^s 
ages has flourishsd in wild luxuriance and rotted upon the ^u^face; of loam, and in a 
few localities, of clay mixed with sand. The deposit of vegetable mould has uniform- 
ly several inches of thickness on the tops and sides of hills ; in tke valleys it is fre- 
quently a number of feet. A soil thus created of impalpable powder formed of the 
elements of organic matter— "the dust of death''— we need scarcely remark, is adapt- 
ed to. the highest and most profitable purposes of agriculture— yielding crop after 
crop in rank abundance, without any artificial manuring. 

SETTLEMENT, ASiD GROWTH IN POPUliATlOxN. 

Dane county was set off from the west part of Milwaukee, and the east part of 
Iowa counties, in 1836 ; but was not organised as a sep.arate county until 1839. At 
'he date of its creation, the total population of Wisconsin did not exceed 10,000- 
nd. as the county is just half way between Lake Michigan and the Mississippi, it 
will not excite surprise when it is stated Wiat it then contained but ONE permanent 
settler— Ebetiezsr Btigtinui, of Blue Mounds— and that its growth for a few years 
was quite slow. The following table, compiled from authentic sources, shows the in- 
crease in population to the present time— 

1S35 1 

1838 172 

3840 314 

1842 776 

1844-e8timated 1435 

1846 82S9 

1847- December 25th 10.905 

1850— June 1st 16.559 

1851- estimated to June 1st 19.0U0 

The following table is taken from the last census return.^, and exhibits the popu- 
ation by townshipS; as well as the number of cultivated farms— 

Tuiv7iships. Population. Farnn. 

Oregon 638 82 

Kutland 759 85 

Dinlvirk 852 87 

Albion ' 817 S9 

Greenfield 598 66 

Duun 3.30 38 

Madison — (this town is mostly occupied by Lakes).. 1871 20 

Blooming Ur ve 291 17 

Pleasant Spriiig 732 86 

Christiana 1054 85 

Cottage Grove 785 85 

Deerfield 639 40 

Windsor 860 72 

Sun Prairie 500 77 

York 615 87 

Medina 450 67 

Bristol 511 75 

Vienna 274 25 

Westport 220 17 

Dane 28T — 

Cress Plains . 333 

Middleton 304 — 

Verona 438 — 

Springfield 326 — 

Koxbury 313 

Blue Mounds 315 — 

Primrose 348 — 

Springdale 333 — 

Moutro.se 393 — 

Berry 207 — 

t'armersville 245 301* 

Total 16,638 1511 



Population December, 1847, 10,935 ; Increase 5,703. Aggregate nmnber of ftiiins 
in the several towns marked thus (— ) 311, as aboTe stated. 

The number of dwelling houses iu the county at the census date, was 3210 ; the 
number of saw-mills driven by water 12 ; by steam 3 ; flouring mills 4- total mills 19. 

The healthiness of the climats is remarkable. Notwithstanding the visitation of 
the cholera last season, the total number of deaths for the year was only 136— cr one 
to 121 of the population. When the exposures and vicissitudes incident to the set- 
tlement of a new country, are taken into account, it will be seen that for healthful- 
ness, this county will compare with the most favorable sections in this respect in the 
United States. 

The total area of the county, as before stated, is 12."5 square miles. Thirty five 
sections, it is estimated, are occupied by lakes and mar.«ihy grounds, leaving 1200 sec- 
tions capable of improvement— or 768,000 acres, This would make 19.200 farms of 40 
acres each; 9,600 of 80 acres ; or 4 800 of 160. The number of cultivated farms, as 
appears by census, is 1511 ; their average size, it is believed, does not exceed 80 acres ; 
thus leaving 8.199 such farms stiil unoccupied. This estimate, of course, is not abso- 
lutely accurate but it approximates very nearVy to the actual condition of things. — 
The 16th section in each township belongs to the Common School Fund. This em- 
braces a total of 21,720 acres. The total apprai.sed value is $71,847 55. The number 
of acres sold on the 1st of January last, was 6,560— leaving 15,160 acres unsold. These 
lands are subject to entry at the apprai,sed value, and payments for the same, 10 per 
cent, per annum on the principal, with 7 per cent, interest. The University of the 
State has 6?4 sections of choice lands located in the county. The minimum price is 
fixed by law at $7 per acre— terms of payment same as School Lands. 

The following table, showing the number of acres assessed, and valuation of the 
same for taxable purposes, since 1846, is taken from the records of the county, and 
exhibits a steady and rapid increase. 

Year. No.of Acres> Valuation. 

1846 211,497 473.269 

1847 247.087 527.479 

1848 327.139 740,939 

1849 426 123- 1.165.2S2 

1850 514,7-27 1,369,753 

Abundanw of farming lands of most excellent quality, and well located, may be 
purchased at prices varying from $1 50 to $5 per acre, with favorable terms of pay- 
ment. Government lands, as the table shows, have mostly been entered . 

The principal villages iu the county, other than Madison, are Clinton and Cam- 
bridge, both in the town of Christiana, on the east side of the county. Clinton con- 
tains* grist mill, saw mill, carding machine, tavern, 3 stores. 2 grocery stores. 2 
blacksmith shops, 2 wagon makers, and a number of other nvechanics. Cambridgo 
is situated 2>z miles north of Clinton, and is the larger of the two places. Stoughton 
is another village of about the same size, south-east of Madison. 



SCHOOLS, AND PROVISION FOH EDUCATION. 

The system of public education in this new state, is but just commenced. Limit- 
ad as the time has been, however, very much has been accomplished, as will be seen by 
the following statistics of this county— taken from the Superintendent's Report- 
Number of School Districts 161 

Number of children between 4 and 20 years of age attending school. . 3566 

Number of do residing in the county, 5328 

Amount of pu6lic money received $3597 

-Amount from all sources 5089 44 

The average number of months schools have been taught 4 30-lOOths ; the 
average wages paid mail teachers during the past year. $14 22 per month : female 
teachers $6 99. When it is remembered that our school system has been practically 



STATISTICS OF DANE COUNTY 



but a little OTer a year in operation, and tha sparcity of popnlation comparer! with 
the area of the county, Is taken into account, this is truly a remarkable exhibit.— 
A year more, with the increased developement of the School Fund, will probably ee- 
csre to every child the means of acquiring an education. 

ROADS & AVENUES TO MARKET. 

Thecommon roaJs of the county are as numerous as necessary and it may be 
said of tham as of prairie countries in general, they are a/irai/s in passable ocder. — 
It requires but little labor to open roads tlirough the openings, and, if bridging over 
sm.aU streams is excepted, none through the prairies. 

The following are the principal avenues laid out, and in process of constrnctio n 
which, when completed, will open convenient mirkets to every part of the county — 

1st. The Fox and Wisconsin River Improvement. This great work is nearly 
completed, and when finished, opens a communication by steamers to the whole val 
ley of the Mississippi and the Great Lakes — securing both markets to farmers in the 
north and north-west part of the county. 

2d. The Milwaukee, Watertown, and Madison Plank Road will open a convenient 
avenue from the east side of the county. It is already completed forty miles — from 
Watertown to Milwaukee. 

3d. The Milwaukee and Mississippi Railroad. The cars are now running between 
Milwaukee and Waukesha, 23 miles ; and the road will doubtless be completed to 
Whitewater (.5.5 miles) by next November, Should it be continued on as expected, it 
win enter Dane county on the south-east, and Madi.son is made a point in its 
charter. From thence it will pass through the west part of the county, and termin- 
ate on the Mississippi. 

4th. The Madi.son, Janesville, and Chicago Railroad. The Roek River Valley 
Union Railroad is expected to connect with the Chicago road at Janesville, and a 
very liberal charter has been obtained, for a road to Madison. When completed, it 
will open a direct communication with the great railway avenue to the seaboard. 

Thus the avenues to distant m.arketsfor the future surplus of this great county 
are numerous and convenient, and their completion within a limited period may be 
confidently relied upon. The domestic market, however, is quite extensive. The. 
flouring mills of the county are constantly tctive, and the extensive one at Madison 
J3 fltted for eight run of stones. The supplying of the upper Pineries will for years ^ 
create a large demand for the produce of our farmers. 



CLiiaiATE, CULTIVATION OF FRUIT, .fec- 
it may be safely averred that no section of country in the temperate zone en- 
joys a pleasanter climate than southern Wisconsin. It is equally removed from the 
extremes of heat and cold. Winters, though occasionally long and severe, are more 
commonly mild and delicious, often with the temperature of early spring. Snow 
rarely falls to the depth of 20 inches ; and two-thirds of the seasons, it does not ex- 
ceed 5, all together. Spring opens about the first of April, and it is rare that injury 
is done by frosts. Summers are warm, but tempered by proximity to the great 
lakes. Autumn is generally the pleasantest part of the year. Cold weather comes 
on imperceptibly, giving abundant time to secure crops — then follows the Indian Sum- 
mer, with its weeks of smoky haze — and finally winter sets in, with no change 
save a gradual increase of cold — and mid-winter is sometimes reached under a clear 
sky, without cloud or storm. 

The cultivation of fruit has but just commenced in earnest. The few orchards 
which have begun bearing, yield abundantly. F.very variety flourishes finely, and it 
is reduced to a certainty that this section will soon become celebrated for tb« quality 
and quantity of its fruit. 

Dairying is also a branch of agricuUnre admirably fitted to this •onnty.— 



Wild grass in immeasurable abundance, coTprs the surface, and for winter, costs only 
the cutting. Stock flourish upon it. The cultivation of tame grasses has com- 
menced in various quarters, and is not a doubtful experiment. Sheep do well, and 
are being rapidly introduced In short, every production of New England or New 
York, will be found fitted to our soil and climate. 

REtiTGIOUS SOCIETIES, &c. 

Accurate data are not within reach, showing the cnndition of the several reli- 
gious societies in the county. It laay be said of them, however, that they are in as 
flourishing a condition as the circumstances of a newly petlled community will per- 
mit; and the conveniencies for public worship are steadilj- increasing. The princi- 
pal organized societies are, Congregationa!!^t. Methodist. Catholic, Presbyterian 
Seven Day Baptists, Episcopalians, Free "Will Baptists. &c.. and it may be others. 



Macii son the Capital of Wisconsin; and Ceunty Seat of Dane county, occupies 
the isthmus between the Third and Fourth Lakes. It is in the geogr.iph'cal centre 
of the county, and near the centre of the basin of the Catfish The land on which 
it is located ri.ses abruptly from the shore of the Thirtl Lake about fifty feet, and 
from thence ascends gradually, going north-west, until the centre of the Capitol Park 
is reached, about 70 feet above the Lakes. From thence with a little greater slope, it 
pitches to the north west, descending gradually until near the Fourth Lake, when it 
rises with considerable abruptness about 75 feet, and then falls off boldly to the 
shore of the Fourth Lake — the distance across being about three-fourths of a mile. — 
Following the cardinal points, the ground descends every way from the Capitol, all 
the streets from the corners of the square terminating in the lakes, save the western, 
which slopes gradually about half a mile, and then rises, until at the distance of ex- 
actly one mile from the capitol, it attains au elevation of at least 125 feet. Thisie 
COLLEGE HILL, the magnificent site of the University of the State, of which the 
fulldesign will be seen in the frontispiece. Fourth Lake washes the north base of this 
hill, at the termination of the ground at the right of the engraving. 

The site of the village was selected by the Hon. JAMES D. DOTY, in 1S32. The 
land was entered by Mr. D. associated with S. T. MASON, of Michigan, in 1835. and 
the plat made out in 1836. The first settlers in the place were EBEN PECK and 
family, on the 8th of Juue, 1837. On the Iltb. AUGUSTUS A. BIRD and SIMEON 
MILLS arrived. Mr. B. was accompanied by forty workmen, he having the con- 
tract for building the Capitol. The family of JOHN PIERCE was with them, be- 
ing the second settler with a family. The party were employed in Milwaukee, mostly 
off of steamers. They set out on the 1st of June, with four teams— forded Rock Riv- 
er at Johnson's Rapids, (near the present village of Watertown.) and the Crawfish at 
what is now Millford. There being no road, they run by the compass, or followed 
Indian trails. It rained incessantly until the party reached Sun Prairie in this coun- 
ty, (so named from the circumstance of the storm breaUin;:. and the sun for the first 
time on the route, coming out bright and clear.) and they tii.dly arrived in Madison 
on the 11th. having been eleven daysiu getting tlirough 1 The Capitol was located 
herein February. 1837. and during the same month, JOHN CATLIN and MOSES M. 
STRONG came through from Mineral Point, and staked out the centre of the village. 
Cgtiin employed a Frenchman to put up a log house, was appointed Post Master, and 
came here to reside ia June of the same year. In September. 1837, JOHN STONER 
and family settled on the corporation, being the third in the place. Among the party 



who came out with Bird, ami remained permanently, were DARWIN CLARK and 
DAVID HVKR. Most of the party left on the completion of the Capitol. The 
families of Messrs. Bird, Mills, and Ilyer came on in 1S38. 




VIEW OF THE CAPITOL OF WISCONSIN. 

At the lime the Capitol was located, the only settlers in the county were EBE- 
iN'eZKR BRIGHAM, at Blue Mounds, and ABEL RASDEL, located near First Lake. 
An idea of the isolation of the founders of the village will be obtained, when we stat-e 
that the nearest settlement, properly so called, on the north, was at Fort Winneba- 
go— 40 miles ; on the east, Watertown- sa'iie distance; south east, JanesTiUe, about 
the same ; and on the west. Mineral Point, 55 miles. The population of the state 
then did not probablv exceed 10.000, and of course widely scattered. The new comers 
found a band of about 200 Winnebago Indians encamped at the foot of King Street 
near the present Lake House ; and the hill, now so beautified with grores, a smooth 
prairie, crossed in various directions with the trails of the red men, and containing 
a very thin growth of oaks. 

Various causes operated to retard the growth of the village, a few of which we 
will mention. 
1st. The location of the Capitol brought a swarm of speculators who entered all the 

lands about for miles ; and lots and lands were then held at higher prices than they 
probably will be for a generation to come. Who does not remember the follies of that 
period ? 

2d. The location is exactly in the centre of the state, east and west. Vast tracts 
of fertile country remained to be tiUed on each side, before the advancing multitude 
reached, and met in the interior, for purposes of settlement. The census table on 
another page shows the time of this meeting, and the rapid increase since. 

od. The canal for a water-power Avas laid out on the plat in such a manner that 
its improvement was impossible for a number of yeai-.s. 

Now all these evils are remedied. Speculators, finding thcmelves losing, have soW 
and are selling at prices within the reach of all ; and the effect is every where mani 
fest. Population in both county and village is advancing with giant strides. And 
the water-power is now employed in running some of the most extensive mills in the 
state. 



GROWTH AND PROGRESS OF MADISON. 



The following table, showing the number of houses erected in Madison duringthe 
years mentioned, is taken from records kept by the writer, and published yearly. K 
shows a rapid adTance. 

1847 23 

1848 47 

1849 79 

1850 11" 

1851— June— over 70 already commenced. Estimated 180 

PUBLIC BUILDINGS, &e. 

The engraving of the Capitol gives but an imperfect representation of the 
building. The material used in its construction is magnesian limestone, excellent 
quarries of which are opened within a mile and a half of the village. It is in the 
centre of a Park, containing fourteen acres, filled with native forest trees, and the 
ground slopes slightly in every direction from the building. The lakes are in view 
from every part of the enclosure, and on ascending to the dome, a magnificent pros- 
scape spreads out all around, wild and gentle ; a couple more lakes in sight, high roll- 
ing prairies, sylvan groves, and graceful swales opening glimpses of beauties beyond 
the verge of the apparent boundaries of the valley. The view compasses a circuit of 
from six to fifteen miles, and is not excelled any where. The building is plain, sub- 
stantial, and convenient— containing all the state offices. It cost about $50,000. 

The Court House is a fine stone structure just erected. The engraving presents 
a front view, and is an accurate representation. It is unquestionably the best coud- 
ty building in the state, and cost $16,000. 

Directly west of the Capitol, and a mile distant, on the margin of Fourth Lake, 
towers the University of the State, ihe full design of which is shown in the frontispiece. 
It stands on ground elevated over 100 above the Lakes, in a park containing fifty-five 
acres. When the whole is completed, it will be an ornament to, and the pride of, the 
state. A glance at the purposesand means of the institution. is all that space allows. 

The Institution owes its existence to the munificence of congress, which granted, 
to the state in trust, seventy-two sections (46,080 acres.) of the choicest lands, as an 
endowment. These lands were selected at an early day ; and the state, as trustee, 
has charge of them. At a moderate valuation, they ought to produce a fund of $400.- 
000, the interest on which , when available, will suffice for the purposes intended ; and 
when this is accomplished, tuition will be free to every youth in the state desiring to 
enjoy its advantages. The plan is one of far-seeing sagacity, and the University but 
completes what is to be commenced in the common schools, academies, and normai 
schools. Nothing of a sectarian character is to be admitted ; and the higher branch- 
es of learning only will be taught. It is already accumulating the means of im" 
parting such knowledge, by the formation of a library, the collection of cabinets, &c. 
&c., and with the manifestation of proper liberality on the part of the public, will 
confer immeasurable benefit on the present, and future generations. 

As to the future prospects of Madison, it is only necessary to cite a few of tlve id- 
vantages it possesses, to show that it olTers far greater inducements to thepcimancnt 
settler, the transient man, and all others, than any other village orcity in the west. 

The capital of the state, centre of public business, annual meeting of the legisla- 
ture. State Conventions ; Masonic, Odd Fellows, and Sons of Temperance Coven- 
tions, have the effect of bringing here many t&nes in the year hosts of people from 
all parts of the state. 

The county seat of one of the largest and most productive counties in thestat*. 

The scat of the University of Wisconsin, with its munificent endowment, and the 

iMiildings already in process of construetioa, will afford the most ample advantages of 

education. 

For a watering place, or public resort during the hot .seasons of the year. Tb» 

beauty of its surrounding lakes and scenery surpasses anything in the UnioD. 



KEW COURT HOUSE IN MADISON. 




ADVANTAGES OF SETTLEMENT, &c. 



Geographically central, the main traveling channels all centre and pass here, af- 
fordi'ig most couvenient business facilities. 

Taking these advantages, together with the impetus given to business generally, 
by the extensive improvements made upon the abundant water-power afforded here 
within the last 2 years, it will require but a few years for Madison to outstrip any- 
thing inland in the west. 

Now, the village is altogether in arrears with the adjacent country— three years 
at least— and a great want of mechanics, manufacturers, and traders is felt here.— 
Capitalists, too would fiud here a field for action, well worthy their attentio.;. in the 
opportunities offered by the proprietors, in the way ot building, &c. 



We may say, in conclusion, that nature has prepared Wisconsin for a rapid growth- 
and an early maturity. 

To open the den.se forests of Ohio, and to clear the soil from the hindrances to high 
cultivation, was the work of one generation, at least. So, on the other hand, the en- 
tire destitution of timber which characterizes large portions of Illinois, must defer 
the settlemant of the entire surface ot that state, to a distant day. 

In Wisconsin the prairies are numerou.i hut comparatively small ; and in very few 
instances does the distance of the timber present any obstacle to their immediate set- 
tlement and successful cultivation. The oafe openings, with timber barely sufficient 
for fence and fire wood, maybe made by two or three years culture to present the as- 
pect and the capabilities of old farms. The marsh or low prairie, fof limited extent, 
and skirted by arable lands.) producing in abundance a natural grass, adapted to the 
winter as well as the summer sustenance of the stock of the settler, will by the intro- 
duction of cultivated grasses, be easily converted into the best meadows in the world. 
The numerous lakes which stud the surface of the state, with their connecting water 
courses, add beauty and attraetioii to the landscape. 

If to these peculiar physical features, we add the general fertility of the soil, the 
salubrity of the climate, and cammaud of both the easteru and the southern markets 
we shall bo at no loss to account for the rapid settlement of Wisconsin, and the cer- 
tainty of early and ample i-eturns for investments made in the state. 

.\11 the elemm'.s of prosperity, above enumerated, are as favorably combined in the 
county of Dane as in any section of Wisconsin. This large central county— with, 
soil and climate unsurpassed ; with its contiuued alternations, in just proportion, of 
woodland and opening, of prairie, natural meadow and lake— presents a combina- 
tion of attractions to the enterprising settler and the thorough farmer, which will 
insure its rapid improvement, and its early maturity, in all those interests which go 
to malve up the thrift and general well being of a highly favored agricultural com- 
munity. 

With the advancement of Dane county in wealth and population, the rapid in- 
crease of Madison as the depot of its trade, the seat of its home manufacturers, and 
its ordinary market town, may be safely assumed. As the natural business point for 
a numerous and wealthy rural population, it cannot fail to become a large and flour- 
ishing town— and that at an early day. 

But in assigning causes for tbe future growth of Madison, we are not limittd to 
the consideration of the wealth of its surroundings, and the natural extent of its 
country trade As the permanent capital of Wisconsin, as the seat of the richly en- 
dowed University of the state, and as the probable locality of other state institutions 
which naturally cluster about the metropolis, .Vladison has special advantages which 
cannot fail greatly to quicken its growth, and to make it a desirable place of resi- 
dence, a commanding business point, as wall as a more available market for agricul- 
tural products of Dane and the neighboring counties. 

Hitherto we have been accustomed to look for the larger market towns of the in- 
terior, on navigable waters, where the packet or the steamboat could discharge its 



ADVANTAGES OF SETTLEMENT. &o. 



freight to be wagoned into the country, and where the disembarked emigrant oould 
purchase his out-fits in preparatiOTi -ir his new hsme. It is as points of debarkation, 
that ("lovelaud. Sandu.sky, and 'i>jludo, in Ohio, Detroit, in Michigan, and Milwau- 
kee,. Racine,, and Kenosha, in oiir own state, have sprung into being. 

But the experience of a few p.ast years has demonstrated conclunively, that tho 
business of the country is destined to be done, in constantly increasing measure, ou 
railroads. The point may now be regarded as well settliid, that the boat cannot com- 
pete successfully with the car of either class, iu the tri.nsporta lion of passengers ; -, 
and in carrying of produce and merchandize: tho cax is gaining largely, year by year, 5 
on the boat. 

The result towards which this gradual revolution in the business of the country is 
obviously tending, is to neutralize the advantages w bich have heretofore been enjoyed 
by the lake and river town.*. It is quite sale to go still far.her. and t.i say, that the 
advantage will be transferred to towns wholly inland, in the midst of their custom- 
ers, and not. as in case of the other class of towns, in one angle of tho several com- 
munities whose bu.>iness agents they are— the great mart ou the ocean shore, being 
equally acceptable to all. 

Take away from Albany the fact of its being the seat of the state goTernment, 
neither it nor Troy has any .advantage over Utica, Syracuse, or Rochester. Colum- 
bus and D.iyton are equal to Cleveland, and may surpas.s it. The Central Railroad 
has called into being large and flourishing towns iu the interior of Michigan, and the 
Southern road, as a link in the chain from New York to the Mississippi, may isolate 
Detroit, and build up some inland rival. 

If, tlieu. we superadd to the other eh ments of prosperity enjoyed by Madison, 
the consideration that it is destined to become the centre of a ."lystem of railroad 
communication, extending to every portion cf the state, and in connexion with sys- 
tems beyond its boundaries, we need assign no limits to the growth of the town, ex- 
cept such as may be .'^et by supineness and nr^.^row policy of its own property holders. 

With eniigliten«d enterprise on the part of its citizens, with a just appreciation 
of the capabilities of its position, and above all, with an open and liberal policy to- 
wards the stranger who may be seeking a new home in the west, the expectations of 
the most sangnine will be more than realized in the Madisoa of 1860. 



% ilMlf I & ilMli 

Attorneys &. Counsellors at Law, &, Solicitors in 
Cliancery, 

1«ADI£01T, WIS GO IT Sir. 

((Ij-Collections made pu.i Busiovss attended to in any part of the State. 

JOHN CATLIN. CHAUNCEY ABBOT r. JULIUS T. CLARK. 

is Wi iiiiiiiiii 

Attorney at Law. Surveyor, Notary Public, Conveyancer, and agent for the 

Troy and Madison Mutual Fire Insurance Companies. All business 

intrusted to his care will meet with prompt attention 



iiiiii & Kiiff I 



Attorneys and Counsellors at Law. and Solicitors in Chancery — Madison, WI9- 
oocMln. Business hours from 9. A. M. to 5, P. M , during which timeone of the firm 
may always be found at the office, ready and willing tc attend to all business relating 
to Colleo lions. Actions at Law or Chancery, Conveyancing, &c. Sec, for reasonable 

A. BOTKIN. J. G. KNAPP. 



Old Corner Store, Madison. 




WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 

Heavy & Shelf Hardware, 

Sucb as Iron. Steel, Nails, Sash. Glass, House Trimmings, Carpenters' Joiner's 
Cabinet .Makers' Coopers' Black.-^miths' (junsmiths' Mill anU Wheelrights TOOLS, 
ot the most approved quality and manufacture. 

mrminct implements, 

In endless variety. Grain Cradles. Scythe Snaths. CJrain. Grass, 
and Brush Scythes. Hay, Straw, and Manure Forks, Garden. 



*" (>)rn, and Grub Hoes ; German and American Sickles, Axes, 
sEsa Crow-Bars. Drag Teeth, Beetle Rings and Wedges, Cultivator 
Log-Chains, Wagons and Plows, Mill and X cut Saws, Sic. Their 




Is always supplied with Cook, Plate and Parlor Stoves, of Troy. Albany, and Buff- 
alo casting ; and the only establishment in the interior of Wisconsin where an as- 
sortment of those castings can be found— which they are selling at less prices than 
ever before known so far West. 

In connection with their Stove Department, their 

TIN, SHEET-IRON, & COPPER MANUFAC- 
TORY. 

Es known to be the most extensive west of Milwaukee ; and all Ware 

of tht'ir manufncture is 

TTjf.F.P.AlTTED. 

A supply constantly on hand to meet all demands. 

In their 

Groceries, Liquor and Cigar Trade, 

They stand unrivalled ; and have now on hand one of the best selected stocks ever 
brought west, comprising every variety of Sugars, Coffee, Tea, Tobacco. Melasses, 
Syrups, &c., together with a heavy stock of Paints and Oils which they are determined 
to sell at prices lower than ever. 

And last, though not least, comes the 



1^ ©iPiililiif 







In which may be found a large and complete assortment of Staple Goods, such as 
Brown Sheetings and Shirtings, Bleached, do.; Linen and Cotton Bagging; Ready 
made Bags; Ticking; Brown and Bleached Cotton and Linen, and Damask Table 
Spreads ; Manchester. Robeson, Merrimac. Spragues' and every kind of Prints ; Rus- 
sia, Scotch, Huckabuck, Birds' Eye Diaper ; Light and Heavy Crash Towelling ; 
Bleached and Brown Linens ; Summer Pantaloons of all qualities and prices ; Straw 
Goods ; Fur. Leghorn. Panama. Straw, and Palm Hats ; Traveling Bags, Indian Rub- 
ber Pcuchos and Over Coats ; 100 Brown Linen Coats, and a fine stock of 

READY MADE SUMMER CLOTHING. 



Also, 



<i iK®is 



m 



Of a« good a galection as can be found in Wiscon.sin, which will be sold loirer tbaa 
TlBBiTTS, GORDON, & Co., ever sold the game quality of goods befoce— for 
CASH, AND READY PAY ONL.Y. 



EMPIRE STORE ! 




''1b Wu '^ «^ 



Dealer in all kinds of 

DryGoods, Groceries, Crockery 

BOOTS & SHOES, READY MADE CLOTH- 
ING, STATIONERY, PAPER 
HANGINGS, 

Hats, Caps, & Bonnets, 

Qirpet Bags, Satchels, Umbrellas. Also, manufacturers 
of every description of 

f liwiiii iSPf ill & iiiii lisi. 

Dealer in the most approved kinds of 

Cook, Plate, and Parlor StoTes, 

Re«*7 and Shelf Hardware, Hollow Ware. Farming Utensils. Carpenter^ Snolft, 

Stone, Earthen, and Wood Ware , Powder, Shot and I<eac^ 

SALT, LUMBER, AND PROVISIONS. 

Sole agent for the sale of 

Dr. JAYNE'S & SLOAN'S celebrated Mediclneir, 
Old Dr. rOWNSEND'S SJiRSAPARILLA, 6u. &g 
^^Customers can always rely upon Jindmg Goods as ff#» 

ommended. 




Thankful for the very liberal patronage already extended to his establishment 
would beg leave to inform the inhabitauts of Madison and vicinity, thathe eoutioues 
to keep on hand a large variety of 



Of the most desirable patterns. He would parlicularly call the attention of the 
pnblio to his new Cool^iag Stove called the I^\NGUP, so celebrated in Western New 
York, and acknowledged by all who have used them, superior to any other Stove in 
market. 1 he oven is much larger than that of others in prnpnrtii n to the size of 
the Stoves, and for convenience, economy, aud ability to perform a large amount cf 
work in the bt'st possible manner, it is uuequalk-d He cau confidently recommend 
this Stove to all house keepers as "the one thing needful." 

In addition to the above, he has also on hand a large variety of 

PARLOR AND BOX STOVES, 

All of which ho will sell on the most reasonable terms. 
ALSO, a general assortment of TISI WAllK constantly for sale ; and all JOB. 
BING in Copper. Tin and Sheet Iron, attended to at the shortest notice by expe- 
rienced workmen, under the immediate supervision of the propiietor, who. from Ions; 
connection with the business, flatters himself that he ean't be btal by the uniniatell. 
{((^One door above Madison Hotel, King Street. 



iiiiiii^ iiiiiii lii iMifii 





This Company have now in successful operation in this state and Illinois, over 
300 miles of Telegraph Lires, connecting all the principal cities and towns of the two 
states ; and also connected with all other Telegraph lines of the United States and 
the t:ana(las. These lines are constructed bv. and underthe superintendence of CoL 
S.W. IIOTCHKISS. Prof. .Mor.ses' General Contracting Agent for the states of 
Wisconsin and Illinois. All communications deposited with this Company will be 
considered strictly confidential, and will be forwarded to their places of destinatijJn 
with care and dispatch, by any of the operators or agents of the Company, 

Office on Morris stret't. Madison. in Wells' mammoth block. '2d story. Business 
b«unifti>m 8, A. M., to 12, M ; ?, P. M. to 6 ; and from 7 P. M. to 8. 

S. \V, HOTCilKlSS, Presideflt. 
B. K. HOPKINS; Secretary. 



IT 



DEAN & imm, 



(( 



PARK EOW STORE," 



OPPOSITE CAPITOL PARK. 




DEALERS IN' 



STAPLE AND FANCY DHY GOODS, 



HARDWARE, BOOTS ASiO SHOES, CROCIiERY, CLOTHIKG, 

Paints and Oils, Window Glass, 

NAILS. ETC.. ETC. 

A Full Assortment in each Division. 

Also manufacturers of Tin and Copper Ware, and dealers in every description of 

COOK STOVES, 

Parlor and Box Stoves, and all kinds of Farming Tools. Emigrants and new comers 
can find at the •• PARK RO\V STORE," the entire materiaLs for buildinj^ a house, 
every article needed in house keeping, and nearly every tool used iu Farming. 
D. & 11. are agents for the sale of 

BLASTING & SPOr^TING POWDER, 

In any quantity, from a single keg to fifty, Also agents for the 



'' Humboldt Paper Mills," 

For the sale of PAPER., and purchase of stock, Also agents for the sale of the cele- 
brated 

IBiEFilllli ■IffliiilEs 

EASTERN EX€MT\GEr€SFEFAT^ALL TIMES. 



Madison, June, 1851. 



E, B. IJKAN. .In., 
J. U. RUCiGLES. 




MADIS< 



IT T O 



Erected at the outlet of the Fourth Lake : 50 by 130 feet on the ground and five 
stories high, with eight run of Burrs. and abundant supply of water. Capacity for 
storing Thirtj- Thousand bushels of grain. All the latest 



M 



Have been introduced into these Mills, and designed for both custom and merchant 
work. A 

iiw .1111 if f iiiiis 

■WHEAT, FLOUR, SHOKTS, BRAN, CORN, MEAL, OATS, ETC., ETC., 

Constantly on hand, at wholesale or retail. 

L. J. FARWELL. JAMES FARWELL. 

The subscriber, one of the proprietors of the village of Madison offers rare oppor- 
tunities for investments in 

"Water Pow^er, 

For Mills and Machinery. Buildings for rent. &c. 

To persons coming West for the purpose of making a permanent settlement, he 
can offer the most satisfaetorv inducemonts in the w:iy of loc.itious for residences. 

FARMmG LA]^D^, 

and COUNTRY SEATS. Will take pleasure in affording any information desired 

relative to advantages for selections of locations, Free of Charge. 

, Madison, June, 1851. L- J- FARWELL. 






WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 

STAPLE AND FANCY DRY 



Carpeting, "Window ShaJcs, Drapery Muslin. T-iiifn and Worsted Damask. 
HEAVV AND SHELF 

v 



Groceries and Provisions, Boots and Shoes, 

Looking Glasses, Paints and Oils. Pure Wines and Liquors, Drugs and Mediciaes 

DYE-STUFFS, 

'kee Hotions, 

WOODEN VVARE, GLASS WARE, BLANK BOOKS, STATIONERY & PAPER 

Paper MafiBg-Bi3g"s, 

POWDER, SHOT, AND LEAD, 

riBiiii BTEisiiij 

CARPENTER'S TOOLS, BRUSHES, STO^fE WARE, 
ETC., ETC. 

(tej- AUIj goods ^VARRANTED to be as KECOMMEIVDED, .^ 

[TT- Prices Uniformly Low.^a 

N. S. DONALDSON. ARCH'D TREDWAY. 

Madison, June, 1S51. 



ILLS & HOTT, 



tore, 

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 



Mi 



Also, constantly on hand a general assortment of 

PINE LUMBER 

Our Motto is lueady Pay Only. 

QjJ- PRODUCE OF ALL KINDS TAKEN IN EX'CHANGE FOR GOODS. .^ 
Madison, Wisconsin. WELIiS & HOYT. 




»)\\^t^llf^'7^*■~V^,i!llll, 







wholesale" DEALERS IN 

sfiiiii f o.BiiaM| Mi iiiiSTifi ill 



GROCERIES, IRON, NAILS. CROCKI'.RV,. AND IIARDAVARE, 

Sole and Upper Leather. 

Corner of Wisconsin Avenue and Jolinson Street, Madison, Wisconsin. 



iiiiiEliiESis 



Hon. A. A. BIRD, Madison. 

CATLIN &W1LLAMS0N, " 

STILLMAN & ROOD. Galena, 

ii. H. CAMPBELL & CO., •' 

ISAAC NEGUS, Rock Island. 

H. M. LEVKINGWELL, St. Louis 

K. B. KIVIB.VLL JSc CO.. New Orleans. 
A &. I. ANDREWS. Cinciuniiti. Ohio. 
CYRUS TOWNSEND, lictsbuigh. 
J. H. LEWIS, 



V. City. 



r ft] 

AVOOD.CJRANT & CO., N. 
STONE & STARR. 
BLANCHARD. CONVERSE & CO. Bost. 
HITCHCOCK. COBB & WiNSLOW. •■ 
H. ATHEKEN. BulTalo. 

AARON RUMSEY. 
JA.MES KNEELAND. Milwaukee. 

HELEENSTEIN k CO. '• 

A. in' ATT S.MITH, JanesviUe. 

JANKS H01>DEN. 



surveyor"' 

AND 

General Land Agent, 

MADISON. WISCONSIN. 

Will p.15' particular attention to the pnrchaso and Biiln of Real Est.ate. The pay- 
ment of Taxe.'! and redemption from sales for taxes lb all parts of this State, Iowa, 
and Minuesora. 

Hasa eoinplete abstr.iet of all title, tax and judgment record, in the county of 
D.ine. and is prepared to ijire full tind coi-recl information coueeruiui; the title to all 
land." and village lots in ihe county. 

Will attend to removing; iiiciiinli'rances, perfectins titles, and loaning of money. 

Procures for soldier,^, their widows and orphans, military bounty land warrants, and 
prosecutes through reliable agents at Washington, all claims against the U . S. Gov- 
ernment. 

Locates bonnty land warrants upon the choicest selections at Tery reasonable 
rates, and liberal deductions made to AGEN TS sending a number of warrants at 
cue time. 

Charges moderate, with assurance of perfect satisfaction in all ca.=cs. 

(Xf- Office on I'inkney street, between the United States & American Hotels -£l3 
Madison, May, ISyl. 



iil 



GKiVEUAti t.A.SiO AGEi\TS, AMi 

Exchange Bs'okers. 

They will attend to the purchase arnl sale of lands, and F.xchange. the payment of 
taxes, the loeation of land warrants, the examination of titles to landsin Dane coun- 
ty aad the negotiation of loans. They have at great expen.^e compiclcd a perlect 
abstract of the'title to all the lands ia said county, anil are prepared to give at once 
a corri'ct history of any tract, with all the detects in thechain of titles. 

Having been engaged for many years at this place in doing a general agency busi- 
ness, they flatter themselves that they are favorably known to a large portion of the 
business men of the State. They have a large list tif 

FIKSTRATK L,A\DS FOR SATiE. 
Selected many years ago ; and those wishing to purchase will find it for their interest 
to give them a c.ill. 

Office on Aiilflin and Pinkney Streets, opposite the north corner of the Capitol 
Square. 

JOHN CATLIM. 

E. iM. WILLIAMSON. 



ALEXANDER MITCHELL, Milwaukee. 

UNCH & LYiVDK, " 

AVaSHBURNK & WOODMAN. Min P't. 

<:HARLKS WALKER. Chicago, 111. 

GEOllGK SMITH. 

CHARLES S 

GEO. B. WARkkin, iroy 

Gt:o. W. STA.NTON.- Alb.iny. N. Y. 



m a 



WM. A. WOODWARD, N.Y. City. 
LEK & BREWSTER, 
CUSH.MAN & CO. " 

A. L. CATLIN, Burlington, Vt. 

DAN LYON. 



HE.\lPSTE.*(t). Galena, 111. W.M. J. DUANE. Philadelphi,i. 
IREN, Troy, N.Y. JOHN S. NICHOLA.S. Baltimore, 



Md. 



J A. EASTMAN. Rochester. N. Y. 






In this Institution the Academic Year is divided into three terms of fourteen 
weeks, commencing on the first Wednesday of January, fourth ^Vednesday of April, 
and second Wednesday of September of each year, 'luitiou— $4 00 



Saddlery, Harness, and Trunk Manufactory. 





ON PINKNEY STREET, ABOVE THE U. S. HOTEL. 

M:idasoE2, l¥i§coiisaia. 

Manufactures to order Saddles Harnesses, Trunks, Vali.ses 
Stc lias on hand and lor sale a 

©BiFiiii iSSiiiiiii 

Of the above article.'': together with a large supply of 

a Carrlitig'c TrlsMBiiltig-s, 

Of the Latest Styles, Also Whip-s and Lashes of every kind and quality. 
CARRIAGES TRIMMED ON THE SHORTEST NOTICE, AND IN ANY 
DESlltK.D STYLE. 



ilBIIDl IBf Ull ITOlliil tiiPIif I 

Chartered by an Act of the Legislature of the State of Wisconsin, 

HavinfT duly organized aud complied with the requirements of their charter, and 
adopted the most approved system of Mutual Insurauee, are now prepared to reeeive 
applications and issue policies of insurance upon dwelling houses, taverns, shops 
and other buildings against loss or damage by lire. . This company-will insure no 
property in cities or pxposed partsof Tillages, therefore can never sustain a large loss 
from aiiy one fir<', which v.ill enable them always to meet their losses promptly, and 
make it a safe auJ reliable company to those insured. 

DIRECTORS. 

Sl.VmON MILLS, 
A.J. W-A.RD. 
E. B. DEAN. Jr., 
DAVID AT WOO n. 
BENJA.MIX V. HOPKINS. 



L.J. F.-\RWELL. 

N. B. EDDV. 
N. W. DEAV, 
WM. C. WELLS, 



JOHN C.-VTLIN, 
AV.N. SEYMOUR, 
WM. WELCH, 
F.tJ. TiBBITii, 



OFFICEMS: 



B. F. HOPKIFS. Secretary, 
L J.KARWELL, Treasurer, 



SIMEON .MILLS, President, 
N. B. EDDY, Vice President. 



M 



MILWAUKEE PRICES. 

CHARLES WEED having opened an extensive BOOK BINDERY, take.<i this op- 
portunity of informing the community at large that he is prepared to execute all 
orders which may be intrusted to his care, such as turnishing 

STATE AND COUNTY OKKICERS WITH BLA^fK BOOKS. 
Of all kinds, ruled to order, and on the best quality of paper. 

Old books re-bound in Turkey, Morocco. Plain, English, Calf. Sheep, or Paper bind- 
ings. Magazines. Pamphlets. Session Laws, &c., bound in the best style. All of 
■which work will be executed .".t the 

L.OWEST MILWAUKEE PRICES. 

Paper for Blank books consists of ""'ap. Crown. Demy, Medium, Royal, Super-Royal 
Imperial, Double-Crown, and Folio-Post, 



THE ESTABLISHMENT is entirely new. and embraces the latest improvements 



1 lillli IMi illO' 



iiii 



Orders from a distance must be accompanied with a pattern for ruling, and thfi size 
of paper required, and the style of binding designated ; otherwise the work, will be 
executed in accordance with the usual form for the blank book required. 

ALL WORK WARRANTED. 

t^(f- Orders for work may be left at the JIADISON HOTEL, where the Proprietor 
can always be found. 

BINDING ESTABLISHMENT IN BOYLES' BLOCK NORTH ROOM. 
Madison. Wisconsin, June. 1851. CH.4.RLES WEED. 



It will appear by reference to the last page (on the inside cover) that what the pub- 
ic of Dane county and Madison have so Ions needed, they now have, in 




No one goes away dis.satisfied with quality or price, and it cannot be gainsayed that 
a more complete and perfect stock of Drugs and Medicines, Paints and Oils, Dye 
Stuffs, (iroceries. and everything usually kept in such establishments, cannot bo 
found in the western country. Wrijjht has truly made his uev/ establishment a 

MODEL DRUG STORE. 



»3 



T[i) d^'liss) 



»m¥l» nil jl;^ wrn^^ 

BOOK SELLER & STATIONER— MADISON, WIS. 

HAS CONSTANTLY ON HAND A GKNERAL ASSOllTMKNT 
OF 



I?Icclicn], Classical, School, .Tjiyenilc, and 

MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS, 

Blank Books, Mercantile Stationery, and Account Book? of all kindf". 
Clocks, Watches, and Jewelry well repaired at short notice. 

CtT" A large assortment ot Jewelry, Watches. Clocks, &c., for sale as above. -£B) 




^£^^^^ 





MADISON, DANE CO. WISCONSIN. 

Horses and Carriages to let. Horses bought and sold. Stabling for horses at all 
times. 

MAIXN.& Co. 



AT THF, SIGN OF THK BIG COLLAR. 



»9 



lAIIFlCTUBli ill ililEi fi 

Saddles, Bridles, Martingales, Halters, Harnesses, Trunks, Valises, Whips, &c., &c. 
Also the celebrated 

Hooksett & Salem Collars, 

"Which far exceed in durability and manner of working an}- collar ever before u-'scd. 
A large amount of t;ustom Madi! Work always ou hand — also work of any de.scrip- 
tionmade to order. Having had fourteen years' experience in the bu.siness. the sub- 
scriber flatters himself that he can please the most fastidious. Repairing done on 
short notice aad on fair terms. The highest price in cash or work paid for green and 
dry hides at all times. 

All work warranted good ; and especial pains taken ia fitting collars. 

Madison, June, 1S51. G. C. ALBF.E. 



-BY— 



MililMllil'JlII 
Liquors Wholesale and Retail ; Pickled Stuff ; 

if STiiii eiiiii siiB'iiiti ^iii < 

Confectioneries, Nuts, Candies, Crackers and Cheese, Pies, &c. 

Tobacco and Cig-ars. 

London Porter, Scotch Ale, &c. &c. Park Row, Madison, Wisconsin. 





EOTHERl 



Merchant Tailors and Manufacturers of 

KIXG STREET, MADISON, 

Have always on hand a full assortment of GKNTLF.MEN'S FURNISHING 
GOODS, Broadcloth. Kancy and Black Cassimeres, Vestings. and Heady Made Clo- 
thinj; of all descriptions. Also. Shirts. Wrappers. Drawers. Gloves, Collars. Hand- 
kercliiets, Sic. Sec. CUSTO.VI WORK done on short notice and warranted to fit. 



H. FRIEND. 



TER.WS C.1SM, 

M. FRIEND, 



E. FRIEND. 



Attorney Jind Connsellor at Law, Madison, Wisconsin. Office at the Court House. 
Justice of the Teace and Conveyancer. Madison. Office over Fairchild's Store. 



IcholSy 



At {lie Arcade, 

Dealer in all Kinds of 



III iiiii. iiiSKEHY,, tsitiiiiij ^ii 



A supply of LUMBKR always on hand. 



A. 



Cwciieral Bcalcr in 

DRUGS, MEDICINES, CHEMICALS, 

Faints, Oils, Glass, Brushes. &.c. Pure Wines, and Liquors, for Medicinal Pur- 
poses. Family Groceries kept constantly on hand. 

STORE ON KING STREET. 



iiFaRTEi iH M^im n 

CHINA, GLASS AND EARTHEN WARE, 

Madison, Wisconsin. 

Keeps constantly on hand a general assortment of Looking glasses. Castors, Knives 
& Forks. Spoons, Waiters, Tea and (Joffee Pots, Suspending, Side and Parlor Lamps, 
Brass. Japan, and Iron Candlesticks, China. (Jlass and Farthen Vases, &c. 

Also, a general asBortment of Dry Goods and Groceries. 

b. S. NEWTON, 

DF.ALKR IN 



LEATHER AND HYDES, ETC., ETC., ETC. AT MILWAUKEE PRICES. 
Madison. 1851. 



1 



oE3L Jm u 



Dealer in East India, West India, and Mediterranean 




Chemicals, Select Powders, Pharmaceutical Preparations, 

Superior Extracts, New Remedies, Pure Wines and 

Brandies, and particular and onh/ Jii^ent for all 

the valuable PATENT MEDICINES of 

the Day. 

Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 

Paints, Oils, Tara&i^^hi'N^ Tiarpeiitieic, Crlasi§, 
Putty, Ei-Mslies, I>y€-stutls and 




wmmm. 



A carefully selected stock of Fancy Articles and Perfumery. 
Particular Agent for BURNETT'S celebrated 




Manufactured in Boston, and the most reliable article in the 
United States. Also, that celebrated medicine 
for Cough's, Cold's, and incipient Con- 
sumption, 

Mir^ m\mm ^mimm.^ 

Not a case in which the above celebrated Medicine has been 
used, that has failed. Plenty of testimonials can be produced. 
Physicians of the best reputation purchase and prescribe it. 
Also, Special Agent for 

Bristols SARSAFARILLA 

The most truly celebrated and genuine article of Sarsaparilla 
ever used. 

Christie s Galvanic Curatives, 
Celebrated Mediciaies, &c. &c. 

SfT-Storc iliroctly oppojite tberofit Oilioe, audoiic door Wcstof Arcade, Madison. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 754 922 2# 



WISCO 




OlfIe!$t Paper in the interior oi* tiie State 



The proprietors of thi? loni; establishtHl and widely circulated Journal, have re- 
cently made extensive ndditiorm to tUcir estublishinent. vliich enables them to offer 
thuir paper at tbefullowiug very reduced rates to CLUBS : 

SINCJLK PArtUS, per annum, in advance $1 '•"• 

5 COPIES, do do ** "" 

10 Do do do 15 mi 

20 Do do do aO tM» 

{J(7-Every person is considered an agent who procures patrons and forwards the 
money. A liberal discount made to agents. 

A.'* the Argus eiiculates in every cnuuty and nearly every township in the .«tiite. 
it affords a most desirable medium to those wishing to Advertise. Terms moderate. 





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The Job Department of the Arpus establishment, is the most complete, and by 
far the most extensive of any in the West. It now numbeis upwards of JJOO foikt^ 
of Type, of almost t very pattern and variety; and we are const.-mtly neeivintc 
and adding the latest aud most approved styles. Kvery kind of work executed in 
the best manner, and on fair terms. Particular attention paid to Blank Printin;;. to 
do which in the neatest and be.st possible style, we have just purchased new material 
throughout, embracing a great variety of late Fancy 'I'ypCj Combination borders, 
Script, Secretary, itc. Jobs ahvays ready when promised. 




To accommodate (he Increasincr demands for work, we have m.Tde the most am- 
ple arrangements for BlNOINci with Mr. WKKD. who has one of the best Dindi'ry 
«Htabli.«hment3 in the westeru country. Books bound and re-bound in Tiirki'y, 
Morocco. PlaiiJ. f'.ngli,<h. t^alf. Sheep, or Paper. Work warranted ; and all orders 
executed with proper expedition, and at the lowest Milwaukee prices. 

PAPKK for Blank lliiok.s, consisting of < ap. Crown. Oeipi, .Medium, Royal, Su- 
per-Royal. Imperial. Double. ( rown, and I'olio Post, always on hand. 

KULiING in any requiri'd manner or colors. The establishment is entirely new, 
and embraces all the lalef.t improvt inents. 

Ot/- Orders from a distance niu.'t be accompanied with a pattern for I'uling. I'nd 
the size of the paper reriuireil, and style of binding must bo design.ited. otherwise 
the work will bo executed in accordance with the usual foim for the blank book re- 
quired 

Officers of State. Counties, and Corporations can have work done at any time ; and 
we iuyite particular attention to our facilities for Binding. Sie. 

t'AUPE-\TKU & TKNKEY. 



'iiniiiiiiHiiiiiiilii'llll 

014 754 92: 



Conservation Resources 
Lig-Free® Type I 
Pb 8.5, Buffered 



) 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



014 754 922 2 



